On February 21, 1992, the President of the Russian Federation signed the decree "On Urgent Measures for the Rehabilitation of Russian Germans", which provided for the creation of a German national district in the Saratov Region and the German National District in the Volgograd Region. The decree remained unrealized.
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Decree Text and ammend made by actual President
- Decree of the President of the Russian Federation
- On urgent measures for the rehabilitation of Russian Germans
With a view to implementing the RSFSR Law of 26 April 1991 on the Rehabilitation of Repressed Peoples, the creation of the necessary conditions for national development and the restoration of the statehood of the Russian Germans, I decree: 1. Immediate measures for the rehabilitation and gradual restoration of the statehood of Russian Germans within the Russian Federation, at the suggestion of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for National Policy, other state authorities and administration, as well as public organizations of Russian Germans. Taking into account the experience of creating German national districts in the Altai Territory and the Omsk Region, it is advisable to form the following as the first stage, without prejudice to the interests of the local population: - German national district on the territory of the Volgograd region, - German national area in the Saratov region. 2. To the Government of the Russian Federation: - To form, on the recommendation of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for National Policy, Administrations of the Volgograd and Saratov Regions, an Organizing Committee to consider issues and prepare proposals related to the formation of the German national district in the Volgograd region, the German national district in the Saratov region and the restoration of the statehood of Russian Germans, representatives of interested parties; - consider the proposals of the authorities of the Volgograd and Saratov regions, other regions and regions, and public organizations of Russian Germans to create in the places of compact residence of Russian Germans, taking into account the opinion of the local population of national areas and national rural Soviets for submission to the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation ; - to form the Russian part of the Intergovernmental Russian-German Commission for the preparation of a joint program of measures aimed at ensuring a phased restoration of the statehood of Russian Germans.
President of the Russian FederationB.N. Yeltsin
Moscow, the Kremlinon February 21, 1992 N 231
Russia closed the "German question"
On the last day of January, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree "On Amendments to Presidential Decree No. 231 of February 21, 1992" On Urgent Measures for the Rehabilitation of Russian Germans.
We will quote this document, posted on the official portal of legal information:
"1. Introduce the following amendments to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 231 of 21 February 1992 "On Urgent Measures for the Rehabilitation of Russian Germans" (Gazette of the Congress of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation, 1992, No. 11, Article 548): a) in the preamble: the word ", creations" is replaced by the words "and creation"; the words "and the restoration of statehood" should be deleted; b) in the first paragraph of paragraph 1 the words "and the gradual restoration of the statehood of Russian Germans within the Russian Federation" shall be replaced by the words ", the socio-economic and ethno-cultural development of Russian Germans"; c) in clause 2: from the second paragraph of the word "and the restoration of the statehood of Russian Germans" to be deleted; in the fourth paragraph, the words "of the Russian-German Commission for the preparation of a joint program of measures aimed at ensuring a phased restoration of the statehood of Russian Germans" are replaced by the words "Russian-German Commission on Russian Germans". 2. This Decree comes into force from the date of its signing, "the document says. So, the leadership of the Russian Federation, in the person of the guarantor of its Constitution, officially announced that it is no longer going to restore the republic either on the Volga or in another place, either in stages or otherwise. This, of course, is sad and ... amazing. It is surprising for the reason that right now, on the days when the political and national image of Russia continues to fall, and the number of problems to increase, it once again alienated one of the most faithful, law-abiding, hardworking of its peoples. I did not make a reservation, calling the Russian Germans my people for Russia. In the opinion of a number of authoritative researchers, as a people they formed precisely on the territory of Russia, where the ancestors of Russia and more than 180 years ago moved from large and small European states at the invitation of Russian tsars. Therefore, territorial rehabilitation, i.e. the restoration of the illegally liquidated in 1941 republic, in fact, would be an important creative step in the national policy of the new Russia. And this step, according to her friends in the West, could have a great foreign policy significance. First of all, it is an example of a non-strong solution of the national question. Positively perceived equalization in the rights of Russian Germans with other peoples of the Russian Federation, their brothers and sisters living in Germany. And they, together with members of families of other nationalities in the FRG, are about three million. And in sum, as the German politicians have repeatedly noted with pride, this is more than the population of such federal states as McLenburg-Western Pomerania, Saarland, Saxony-Anhalt or Thuringia. Therefore, it is hardly necessary to prove Russia's economic benefits. They are colossal: a restored republic would become attractive for thousands of Germans living in the post-Soviet republics. Plus no less necessary foreign investment. It is impossible in connection with this Decree not to recall the Crimean Tatars, whom Vladimir Vladimirovich promised to complete the process of their rehabilitation after the inclusion of Crimea into Russia. As we recall, he stated this in his appeal to the Federal Assembly in March 2014. And now what?And some of the peoples of the autonomous republics of the Russian Federation too can now attend to their future, especially as there are more and more "sowers of doubts" in the Russian Federation.However, it is now not our problems and not us to solve them. And yet what prompted such an unexpected decision of Vladimir Vladimirovich, adopted last Sunday? According to one well-informed observer, this decree is nothing more than "the instant satisfaction of the Kremlin for its embarrassment with" our Lisa "." Changes in the presidential decree as early as 1992, Vladimir Vladimirovich embodied the dream of several German governments: the Russian Federation officially abandoned the idea of recreating the autonomy of Russian Germans on its territory. Of course, this idea was almost utopian, but still quite official - Yeltsin's 1992 decree required the re-creation of the German autonomy in Russia, which was destroyed by Stalin. Yesterday at 11:59 PM Moscow this requirement ceased to exist. The reasons for this haste, like the very fact of the amendments, lie so close and explicit that I will not even explain them. Yes, to some extent, the fact that in the Russian Federation, Russian Germans will not have their own "home" - a nuisance, but it is possible (and necessary!) To turn into a pleasantness. After all, the Kremlin's decisions are a direct signal to German politicians to finally take note of the fact that the German minority in the Russian Federation is finally denied the right to be an equal people. And from this it follows that even the individual rights of almost 400,000 Germans were trampled there and trampled down. All of them are deprived of the right to political representation, which other peoples have autonomy, to receive education in their native language in view of dispersal over the vast expanses of Siberia and the Urals, the possibility of developing national culture. They do not have a national theater, museums, research institutes, film studios, television and radio centers, literary and art journals, publishers. Objects of their cultural heritage in places of former residence, primarily on the Volga, perish and are destroyed, as are cemeteries. And the absence of a national university, other higher and secondary special educational institutions leads to the fact that the level of education of Russian Germans is much lower than that of other peoples of the country. Thus, the level of knowledge of native German (the most common in Europe,which is spoken by more than 100 million people) according to the 2010 census was only 11%. While Kalmyks (also repressed, but rehabilitated) - 95%, Yakuts - 94%, Buryats - 82%. Although the carriers of these languages they have less than 0.5 million. Absurd! And these are only some facts of oppressive inequality. The only way out is to urgently change the criteria for admission to Germany of Russian Germans as victims of Stalinist repressions and still not equalized with other peoples of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the fundamental criterion should be the fact of persecution on the basis of nationality during the years of Soviet power and the denial of equal rights in modern Russia. Now German lawmakers should abandon the linguistic and cultural criteria when considering the issue of issuing permission for resettlement in the FRG, putting the national-political chapter at the head. In other words, when considering the applications of Russian Germans to move to a permanent residence in Germany, the main thing must be the fact of infringement of rights on the basis of nationality. Public organizations of Russian Germans in the very near future should turn to the Bundestag, the government, personally to the Chancellor, and also to the leadership of political parties with a request to resume the reception of Russian Germans to Germany not only from the Russian Federation, but also other post-Soviet republics. As a basis, not only Moscow's decision not to restore the autonomous republic should be cited, which, in essence, deprived the Russian Germans and their children of the hope of preserving their national identity, but also their continued oppression and violation of rights on a national basis. Well, I recommend that Russian Germans living in Germany recommend not to hope for a miracle or that the authorities themselves will guess with the rule of the Earthquake themselves, but show civil perseverance and adherence to principles, remembering that you are not only living, working, raising children, but also paying taxes. We all and everyone individually, thanks to Putin's decree, received a unique chance to help their fellow countrymen to move to the homeland of their ancestors. And this chance should be taken advantage of. Alexander Fitz
No. 5, 2016. Date of publication: 05/02/2016
Sources: rusdeutsch.ru, http://base.garant.ru/57408783/ and http://www.rg-rb.de/index.php?option=com_rg&task=item&id=17739
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